World News
Making AI trustworthy: Can we overcome black-box hallucinations? on August 24, 2023 at 9:30 am
Like most engineers, as a kid I could answer elementary school math problems by just filling in the answers.
But when I didn’t “show my work,” my teachers would dock points; the right answer wasn’t worth much without an explanation. Yet, those lofty standards for explainability in long division somehow don’t seem to apply to AI systems, even those making crucial, life-impacting decisions.
The major AI players that fill today’s headlines and feed stock market frenzies — OpenAI, Google, Microsoft — operate their platforms on black-box models. A query goes in one side and an answer spits out the other side, but we have no idea what data or reasoning the AI used to provide that answer.
Most of these black-box AI platforms are built on a decades-old technology framework called a “neural network.” These AI models are abstract representations of the vast amounts of data on which they are trained; they are not directly connected to training data. Thus, black-box AIs infer and extrapolate based on what they believe to be the most likely answer, not actual data.
Sometimes this complex predictive process spirals out of control and the AI “hallucinates.” By nature, black-box AI is inherently untrustworthy because it cannot be held accountable for its actions. If you can’t see why or how the AI makes a prediction, you have no way of knowing if it used false, compromised, or biased information or algorithms to come to that conclusion.
While neural networks are incredibly powerful and here to stay, there is another under-the-radar AI framework gaining prominence: instance-based learning (IBL). And it’s everything neural networks are not. IBL is AI that users can trust, audit, and explain. IBL traces every single decision back to the training data used to reach that conclusion.
By nature, black-box AI is inherently untrustworthy because it cannot be held accountable for its actions.
IBL can explain every decision because the AI does not generate an abstract model of the data, but instead makes decisions from the data itself. And users can audit AI built on IBL, interrogating it to find out why and how it made decisions, and then intervening to correct mistakes or bias.
This all works because IBL stores training data (“instances”) in memory and, aligned with the principles of “nearest neighbors,” makes predictions about new instances given their physical relationship to existing instances. IBL is data-centric, so individual data points can be directly compared against each other to gain insight into the dataset and the predictions. In other words, IBL “shows its work.”
The potential for such understandable AI is clear. Companies, governments, and any other regulated entities that want to deploy AI in a trustworthy, explainable, and auditable way could use IBL AI to meet regulatory and compliance standards. IBL AI will also be particularly useful for any applications where bias allegations are rampant — hiring, college admissions, legal cases, and so on.
We all learned the importance of ‘showing our work’ in elementary school, and we can certainly demand that same rigor from AI.
News
US May Completely Cut Income Tax Due to Tariff Revenue

President Donald Trump says the United States might one day get rid of federal income tax because of money the government collects from tariffs on imported goods. Tariffs are extra taxes the U.S. puts on products that come from other countries.

What Trump Is Saying
Trump has said that tariff money could become so large that it might allow the government to cut income taxes “almost completely.” He has also talked about possibly phasing out income tax over the next few years if tariff money keeps going up.
How Taxes Work Now
Right now, the federal government gets much more money from income taxes than from tariffs. Income taxes bring in trillions of dollars each year, while tariffs bring in only a small part of that total. Because of this gap, experts say tariffs would need to grow by many times to replace income tax money.
Questions From Experts
Many economists and tax experts doubt that tariffs alone could pay for the whole federal budget. They warn that very high tariffs could make many imported goods more expensive for shoppers in the United States. This could hit lower- and middle‑income families hardest, because they spend a big share of their money on everyday items.
What Congress Must Do
The president can change some tariffs, but only Congress can change or end the federal income tax. That means any real plan to remove income tax would need new laws passed by both the House of Representatives and the Senate. So far, there is no detailed law or full budget plan on this idea.

What It Means Right Now
For now, Trump’s comments are a proposal, not a change in the law. People and businesses still have to pay federal income tax under the current rules. The debate over using tariffs instead of income taxes is likely to continue among lawmakers, experts, and voters.
News
Epstein Files to Be Declassified After Trump Order

Former President Donald Trump has signed an executive order directing federal agencies to declassify all government files related to Jeffrey Epstein, the disgraced financier whose death in 2019 continues to fuel controversy and speculation.
The order, signed Wednesday at Trump’s Mar-a-Lago estate, instructs the FBI, Department of Justice, and intelligence agencies to release documents detailing Epstein’s network, finances, and alleged connections to high-profile figures. Trump described the move as “a step toward transparency and public trust,” promising that no names would be shielded from scrutiny.
“This information belongs to the American people,” Trump said in a televised statement. “For too long, powerful interests have tried to bury the truth. That ends now.”
U.S. intelligence officials confirmed that preparations for the release are already underway. According to sources familiar with the process, the first batch of documents is expected to be made public within the next 30 days, with additional releases scheduled over several months.
Reactions poured in across the political spectrum. Supporters praised the decision as a bold act of accountability, while critics alleged it was politically motivated, timed to draw attention during a volatile election season. Civil rights advocates, meanwhile, emphasized caution, warning that some records could expose private victims or ongoing legal matters.
The Epstein case, which implicated figures in politics, business, and entertainment, remains one of the most talked-about scandals of the past decade. Epstein’s connections to influential individuals—including politicians, royals, and executives—have long sparked speculation about the extent of his operations and who may have been involved.

Former federal prosecutor Lauren Fields said the release could mark a turning point in public discourse surrounding government transparency. “Regardless of political stance, this declassification has the potential to reshape how Americans view power and accountability,” Fields noted.
Officials say redactions may still occur to protect sensitive intelligence or personal information, but the intent is a near-complete disclosure. For years, critics of the government’s handling of Epstein’s case have accused agencies of concealing evidence or shielding elites from exposure. Trump’s order promises to change that narrative.
As anticipation builds, journalists, legal analysts, and online commentators are preparing for what could be one of the most consequential information releases in recent history.
Politics
Netanyahu’s UN Speech Triggers Diplomatic Walkouts and Mass Protests

What Happened at the United Nations
On Friday, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu addressed the United Nations General Assembly in New York City, defending Israel’s ongoing military operations in Gaza. As he spoke, more than 100 delegates from over 50 countries stood up and left the chamber—a rare and significant diplomatic walkout. Outside the UN, thousands of protesters gathered to voice opposition to Netanyahu’s policies and call for accountability, including some who labeled him a war criminal. The protest included activists from Palestinian and Jewish groups, along with international allies.

Why Did Delegates and Protesters Walk Out?
The walkouts and protests were a response to Israel’s continued offensive in Gaza, which has resulted in widespread destruction and a significant humanitarian crisis. Many countries and individuals have accused Israel of excessive use of force, and some international prosecutors have suggested Netanyahu should face investigation by the International Criminal Court for war crimes, including claims that starvation was used as a weapon against civilians. At the same time, a record number of nations—over 150—recently recognized the State of Palestine, leaving the United States as the only permanent UN Security Council member not to join them.
International Reaction and Significance
The diplomatic walkouts and street protests demonstrate increasing global concern over the situation in Gaza and growing support for Palestinian statehood. Several world leaders, including Colombia’s President Gustavo Petro, showed visible solidarity with protesters. Petro called for international intervention and, controversially, for US troops not to follow orders he viewed as supporting ongoing conflict. The US later revoked Petro’s visa over his role in the protests, which he argued was evidence of a declining respect for international law.

Why Is This News Important?
The Gaza conflict is one of the world’s most contentious and closely-watched issues. It has drawn strong feelings and differing opinions from governments, activists, and ordinary people worldwide. The United Nations, as an international organization focused on peace and human rights, is a key arena for these debates. The events surrounding Netanyahu’s speech show that many nations and voices are urging new action—from recognition of Palestinian rights to calls for sanctions against Israel—while discussion and disagreement over the best path forward continue.
This episode at the UN highlights how international diplomacy, public protests, and official policy are all intersecting in real time as the search for solutions to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict remains urgent and unresolved.
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